1.1.1 - Introduction to Computers.

1. What is the main function of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer system?

a) To store data permanently
b) To execute instructions and perform computations
c) To provide input and output functionality
d) To manage network connections

Correct Answer: b) To execute instructions and perform computations

2. Which component of the computer system is responsible for storing data temporarily while a program is running?

a) Hard Disk
b) RAM (Random Access Memory)
c) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
d) CPU

Correct Answer: b) RAM (Random Access Memory)

3. In computer architecture, what does the term ‘bus’ refer to?

a) A software component that manages hardware
b) A system that connects and facilitates data transfer between hardware components
c) A type of data storage device
d) An external peripheral device

Correct Answer: b) A system that connects and facilitates data transfer between hardware components

4. What type of instruction involves operations such as input and output functions?

a) Memory Reference Instruction
b) Register Reference Instruction
c) Input-output Instruction
d) Arithmetic Instruction

Correct Answer: c) Input-output Instruction

5. The ‘Address Bus’ in a computer system is used for:

a) Transferring data between devices
b) Controlling the timing of data transfers
c) Specifying the location of data in memory
d) Managing power supply to components

Correct Answer: c) Specifying the location of data in memory

6. Which addressing mode involves using a fixed address specified directly in the instruction?

a) Immediate Addressing Mode
b) Indirect Addressing Mode
c) Register Addressing Mode
d) Direct Addressing Mode

Correct Answer: d) Direct Addressing Mode

7. What is the function of the ‘Control Bus’?

a) To carry data between memory and the CPU
b) To provide power to different components
c) To manage and synchronize data transfers
d) To connect external devices

Correct Answer: c) To manage and synchronize data transfers

8. In the context of C programming, what does the following code snippet do?

                   
                    int a = 10;
                    int b = 20;
                    int c;
                    c = a + b;
                    printf("The sum is %d", c);

a) Multiplies a and b and prints the result
b) Computes the sum of a and b and prints it
c) Assigns b to c and prints it
d) Subtracts b from a and prints the result

Correct Answer: b) Computes the sum of a and b and prints it

9. Which addressing mode involves an operand that is specified within the instruction itself?

a) Implied Addressing Mode
b) Immediate Addressing Mode
c) Indexed Addressing Mode
d) Indirect Addressing Mode

Correct Answer: b) Immediate Addressing Mode

10. What is the primary role of the ‘Memory Buffer Register’ (MBR)?

a) To hold the address of the next instruction
b) To store data temporarily during read and write operations
c) To hold the current instruction being executed
d) To provide data to external devices

Correct Answer: b) To store data temporarily during read and write operations

11. In which addressing mode does the instruction specify the address of a memory location containing the actual address of the operand?

a) Direct Addressing Mode
b) Immediate Addressing Mode
c) Indirect Addressing Mode
d) Register Addressing Mode

Correct Answer: c) Indirect Addressing Mode

12. Which phase of the instruction cycle involves decoding the fetched instruction to determine the operation?

a) Fetch
b) Decode
c) Read
d) Execute

Correct Answer: b) Decode

13. What does the term ‘Microoperation’ refer to in the context of computer instructions?

a) The execution of a complex instruction
b) A small operation carried out as part of a macro operation
c) The process of storing data in memory
d) The loading of data into a register

Correct Answer: b) A small operation carried out as part of a macro operation

14. In C programming, what is the purpose of the printf function?

a) To read data from the user
b) To print output to the console
c) To store data in a file
d) To execute a function

Correct Answer: b) To print output to the console

15. How does ‘Register Addressing Mode’ differ from ‘Memory Addressing Mode’?

a) Register Addressing Mode uses memory locations, while Memory Addressing Mode uses registers.
b) Register Addressing Mode specifies a register for operands, while Memory Addressing Mode specifies a memory address.
c) Register Addressing Mode involves external devices, while Memory Addressing Mode does not.
d) Register Addressing Mode is slower than Memory Addressing Mode.

Correct Answer: b) Register Addressing Mode specifies a register for operands, while Memory Addressing Mode specifies a memory address.

16. Which of the following addressing modes is commonly used for implementing arrays?

a) Immediate Addressing Mode
b) Indexed Addressing Mode
c) Register Addressing Mode
d) Direct Addressing Mode

Correct Answer: b) Indexed Addressing Mode

17. What is an example of an instruction that falls under the category of ‘Input-output Instruction’?

a) ADD
b) LDA
c) OUT
d) STA

Correct Answer: c) OUT

18. What type of system bus allows for connections to external devices such as printers and mice?

a) Data Bus
b) Address Bus
c) Control Bus
d) Extension Bus

Correct Answer: d) Extension Bus

19. In an instruction cycle, what is the purpose of the ‘Execute’ phase?

a) To decode the instruction
b) To fetch the instruction from memory
c) To perform the operation specified by the instruction
d) To move the instruction to the next memory location

Correct Answer: c) To perform the operation specified by the instruction

20. Which of the following is true about a synchronous system bus?

a) It operates independently of the computer’s clock.
b) It is slower compared to an asynchronous system bus.
c) It performs data transfers based on a set protocol related to time.
d) It is used primarily for external device connections.

Correct Answer: c) It performs data transfers based on a set protocol related to time.