1.3.1 - system Application Software.

• A) One
• B) Two
• C) Three
• D) Four

• A) Operating System
• B) Device Drivers
• C) Word Processor
• D) Firmware

• A) To help the user perform specific tasks
• B) To facilitate easy operation and interaction between the hardware and the user
• C) To manage data storage and retrieval
• D) To provide multimedia functionalities

• A) Microsoft Word
• B) Linux
• C) Photoshop
• D) VLC Media Player

• A) Firmware
• B) Application Software
• C) Utility Software
• D) Operating System

• A) Memory management
• B) Resource allocation
• C) Word processing
• D) File management

• A) Device Drivers
• B) Firmware
• C) Programming Language Translators
• D) Operating Systems

• A) To manage and troubleshoot hardware
• B) To translate programming languages
• C) To run user applications
• D) To edit multimedia files

• A) Direct interaction with hardware
• B) Smaller size
• C) Easy to manipulate
• D) Complex design

• A) To manage user applications
• B) To control the operation of a device at a basic level
• C) To edit graphical content
• D) To protect against viruses

• A) System Software
• B) Utility Software
• C) Application Software
• D) Firmware

• A) Windows OS
• B) Chrome Web Browser
• C) BIOS
• D) Device Drivers

• A) Text formatting and editing
• B) Data storage and complex calculations
• C) Playing multimedia files
• D) Browsing the internet

• A) Word Processing Software
• B) Spreadsheet Software
• C) Presentation Software
• D) Graphics Software

• A) Spreadsheet Software
• B) Presentation Software
• C) Graphics Software
• D) Web Browser

• A) Data manipulation
• B) Resource management
• C) System troubleshooting
• D) Information management

• A) Open Source
• B) Freeware
• C) Shareware
• D) Closed Source

• A) Open-source software is free, while closed-source software is not
• B) Open-source software allows source code modifications, while closed-source software does not
• C) Open-source software is only used by organizations, while closed-source software is for individuals
• D) Open-source software is always better for security than closed-source software

• A) To create spreadsheets and manage financial data
• B) To manage interactions with current and potential customers
• C) To design and edit graphical content
• D) To browse the internet

• A) Google Chrome
• B) Microsoft Access
• C) Adobe Photoshop
• D) WinRAR

1.3.2 - Compilers and Interpreters.

• A) To execute code directly
• B) To translate source code into machine code or another programming language
• C) To write binary code
• D) To debug programs

• A) Binary language
• B) Assembly language
• C) High-level language
• D) Machine language

• A) A compiler reads and executes code line by line
• B) A compiler translates the entire code at once and identifies all errors
• C) An interpreter converts code into machine language all at once
• D) An interpreter optimizes code before execution

• A) Source-to-source compiler
• B) Cross-compiler
• C) Bytecode compiler
• D) Threaded compiler

• A) Source-to-source compiler
• B) Cross-compiler
• C) Bytecode compiler
• D) Assembly compiler

• A) .exe
• B) .obj
• C) .c
• D) .asm

• A) gcc
• B) cc
• C) make
• D) compile

• A) main.c
• B) main.i
• C) main.s
• D) main.o

• A) Compilation
• B) Pre-processing
• C) Assembly
• D) Linking

• A) Compilation
• B) Pre-processing
• C) Assembly
• D) Linking

• A) GNU Compiler Collection
• B) Turbo C
• C) Portable C Compiler
• D) Clang

• A) Pre-processing
• B) Compilation
• C) Assembly
• D) Linking

• A) Source code
• B) Object code
• C) Assembly code
• D) Machine code

• A) ls main.c
• B) cc main.c
• C) compile main.c
• D) gcc main.c

• A) Source file
• B) Object file
• C) Executable file
• D) Assembly file

• A) Turbo C
• B) Tiny C Compiler (TCC)
• C) Portable C Compiler (PCC)
• D) Clang

• A) Borland Turbo C
• B) Tiny C Compiler (TCC)
• C) Portable C Compiler (PCC)
• D) Clang

• A) Clang
• B) GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
• C) Tiny C Compiler (TCC)
• D) Borland Turbo C

• A) LL parser
• B) LALR parser
• C) Recursive descent parser
• D) Top-down parser

• A) Java and Python
• B) Objective-C and Objective-C++
• C) Ruby and Perl
• D) PHP and JavaScript

• A) A compiler executes code line by line
• B) An interpreter analyzes the entire code at once
• C) A compiler validates the entire source code before execution
• D) An interpreter produces machine code directly

• A) Syntax-directed interpreter
• B) Bytecode interpreter
• C) Cross-compiler
• D) Source-to-source interpreter

• A) Threaded interpreter
• B) Bytecode interpreter
• C) Syntax-directed interpreter
• D) Cross-compiler

1.3.3 - Assembler, Linker and Loader.

• A) To convert high-level language into machine code
• B) To compile object files into executable files
• C) To convert assembly language into machine code
• D) To load executable files into memory

• A) Binary code
• B) Mnemonics and symbolic names
• C) High-level programming constructs
• D) Source code

• A) Assembly code
• B) Object code
• C) Executable code
• D) Machine code

• A) Linker
• B) Loader
• C) Assembler
• D) Compiler

• A) Assembly language has a one-to-one mapping to machine code instructions
• B) Assembly language is a higher-level abstraction than machine code
• C) Assembly language is compiled into high-level languages
• D) Assembly language requires an interpreter for execution

• A) To convert source code into object code
• B) To merge multiple object files into a single executable program
• C) To load executable files into memory
• D) To optimize machine code

• A) It links libraries at runtime
• B) It combines object files and libraries into a single executable file
• C) It translates assembly language into machine code
• D) It adjusts addresses in object files at runtime

• A) Address binding
• B) Loading executable files into memory
• C) Executing machine code instructions
• D) Compiling source code into object code

• A) Resolving symbols in object files
• B) Loading an executable file into the computer's memory
• C) Compiling source code
• D) Optimizing the machine code

• A) Source file formats
• B) Object file formats
• C) Executable file formats
• D) Library file formats

• A) To resolve function calls between object files
• B) To assign actual memory addresses to program variables and functions
• C) To convert assembly language into machine code
• D) To optimize the executable code

• A) Dynamic linking combines all object files into a single executable at compile time
• B) Dynamic linking resolves references to libraries at runtime
• C) Static linking is used for libraries loaded into memory at runtime
• D) Static linking involves loading shared libraries into memory during execution

• A) It stores executable file formats
• B) It maps symbol names to their memory addresses
• C) It handles the loading of executable files
• D) It performs the initial compilation of source code

• A) Adjusting addresses in object files to reflect final memory locations
• B) Combining multiple object files into one executable
• C) Translating high-level code into assembly language
• D) Executing machine code instructions

• A) Loading object files into memory
• B) Configuring the program's stack and initializing global variables
• C) Resolving symbol references
• D) Optimizing machine code

• A) Organizing sections in the executable file
• B) Loading executable files into memory
• C) Resolving symbols and addresses
• D) Compiling source code

• A) Absolute loader
• B) Relocatable loader
• C) Dynamic loader
• D) Static loader

• A) Syntax error detection
• B) File format validation and address conflict resolution
• C) Compilation error detection
• D) Code optimization

• A) The language is designed to be used across multiple platforms
• B) Assembly language is specific to a particular computer architecture or microprocessor
• C) The language can be automatically translated to different platforms
• D) Assembly language does not need platform-specific adjustments

• A) Compiling source code into object code
• B) Linking object files to create an executable
• C) Loading an executable file into memory for execution
• D) Translating assembly code into machine code