2.2.1 - Variables Expressions and Assignment.

1. What is a variable in C?

a) A function used to perform operations
b) A storage area with a name for data used in a program
c) A reserved keyword
d) A type of token

Correct Answer: b) A storage area with a name for data used in a program

2. Where should variables be declared in C?

a) At the end of the program
b) Inside loops only
c) At the beginning of the main function or sub-functions
d) In external files

Correct Answer: c) At the beginning of the main function or sub-functions

3. Which of the following is a valid C variable declaration?

a) float x, y, z;
b) int 1a, 2b, 3c;
c) double a, b, c,;
d) char name address;

Correct Answer: a) float x, y, z;

4. Which character must be used at the start of a variable name in C?

a) Digit
b) Letter or underscore
c) Special character
d) Space

Correct Answer: b) Letter or underscore

5. Which of the following is NOT a valid C data type?

a) char
b) w_char
c) bool
d) string

Correct Answer: d) string

6. What keyword is used to declare a static variable in C?

a) static
b) extern
c) global
d) local

Correct Answer: a) static

7. Which variable type in C is declared outside any function and can be used by any function?

a) Local variable
b) Static variable
c) Global variable
d) External variable

Correct Answer: c) Global variable

8. What keyword is used to declare a variable that can be shared across multiple source files in C?

a) static
b) global
c) extern
d) public

Correct Answer: c) extern

9. What are tokens in C programming?

a) The smallest units that are significant to the compiler
b) Types of variables
c) Data storage units
d) Reserved keywords

Correct Answer: a) The smallest units that are significant to the compiler

10. What is the purpose of the initializer in a variable declaration in C?

a) To define the data type
b) To specify the initial value of the variable
c) To declare the variable's scope
d) To assign the variable to a function

Correct Answer: b) To specify the initial value of the variable

11. Which of the following rules is NOT correct for naming variables in C?

a) Variable names should not begin with digits
b) Variable names can include spaces
c) Variable names should not be predefined keywords
d) Variables are usually declared in lowercase

Correct Answer: b) Variable names can include spaces

12. What type of variable in C retains its value between function calls?

a) Local variable
b) Static variable
c) Global variable
d) External variable

Correct Answer: b) Static variable

13. What is the correct way to declare a global variable in C?

a) int global = 20;
b) static int global = 20;
c) extern int global;
d) local int global = 20;

Correct Answer: a) int global = 20;

14. In C programming, what does the term ‘bus’ refer to?

a) A software component that manages hardware
b) A system that connects and facilitates data transfer between hardware components
c) A type of data storage device
d) An external peripheral device

Correct Answer: b) A system that connects and facilitates data transfer between hardware components

15. How many basic categories of software are there?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

Correct Answer: b) Two

2.2.2 - Constants, Keyword and Assignment.

16. Which of the following is used to declare a constant in C?

A) define
B) const
C) constant
D) static

Correct Answer: B) const

17. Which of the following is a valid string constant in C?

A) "Hello World"
B) 'H'
C) 123
D) 1.23

Correct Answer: A) "Hello World"

18. What is the correct syntax to define a symbolic constant?

A) #const MAX 100
B) const MAX = 100;
C) #define MAX 100
D) int MAX = 100;

Correct Answer: C) #define MAX 100

19. Which of the following is an invalid identifier in C?

A) employee_name
B) 123name
C) _salary
D) total_Amount

Correct Answer: B) 123name

20. How many characters can an identifier have in C?

A) 63
B) 31
C) 100
D) 255

Correct Answer: B) 31

21. Which of the following is NOT a valid keyword in C?

A) int
B) return
C) string
D) if

Correct Answer: C) string

22. Which special symbol is used to represent the null character in a string?

A) \0
B) \n
C) \t
D) \"

Correct Answer: A) \0

23. Which special character is used for function declaration and calls in C?

A) []
B) {}
C) ()
D) <>

Correct Answer: C) ()

24. What does the special symbol * denote in C?

A) It is used to denote a comment
B) It is used as a pointer and multiplication operator
C) It represents a constant
D) It is used to include header files

Correct Answer: B) It is used as a pointer and multiplication operator

25. Which of the following is used to access members of a structure?

A) . (Period)
B) , (Comma)
C) & (Ampersand)
D) [] (Square Brackets)

Correct Answer: A) . (Period)

2.2.3 - Data Types.

26. Which of the following is the size of a char in C?

A) 2 bytes
B) 1 byte
C) 4 bytes
D) 8 bytes

Correct Answer: B) 1 byte

27. What is the range of an unsigned char in C?

A) -128 to +127
B) 0 to 255
C) 0 to 65535
D) -32768 to +32767

Correct Answer: B) 0 to 255

28. What is the default value of a signed char in C?

A) -128 to +127
B) 0 to 255
C) 0 to 65535
D) 0 to 4294967295

Correct Answer: A) -128 to +127

29. In a 16-bit environment, what is the range of an int in C?

A) -2147483648 to +2147483647
B) -32768 to +32767
C) 0 to 65535
D) 0 to 4294967295

Correct Answer: B) -32768 to +32767

30. Which of the following takes 4 bytes of memory and can store only positive values?

A) int
B) signed int
C) unsigned int
D) long int

Correct Answer: C) unsigned int

31. What is the format specifier for a long long int in C?

A) %lld
B) %d
C) %u
D) %lf

Correct Answer: A) %lld

32. Which of the following types in C does not take any space in memory?

A) int
B) void
C) float
D) char

Correct Answer: B) void

33. How many bytes does a double data type occupy in C?

A) 2 bytes
B) 4 bytes
C) 8 bytes
D) 10 bytes

Correct Answer: C) 8 bytes

34. Which of the following is a derived data type in C?

A) int
B) float
C) array
D) double

Correct Answer: C) array

35. What is the purpose of a pointer in C?

A) To store a floating-point number
B) To store the address of a variable
C) To store a collection of elements of the same type
D) To store multiple values in different data types

Correct Answer: B) To store the address of a variable

36. Which data type in C can store data of multiple different types?

A) int
B) struct
C) union
D) char

Correct Answer: B) struct

37. Which derived data type in C allows sharing memory among its members?

A) array
B) union
C) struct
D) function

Correct Answer: B) union

38. Which of the following is a double-precision floating-point value in C?

A) float
B) char
C) double
D) void

Correct Answer: C) double

39. What is the format specifier for a float value in C?

A) %d
B) %u
C) %f
D) %lf

Correct Answer: C) %f

2.2.4 - Character and Lexical Statements.

40. In C programming, which character set is used to represent characters?

A) Unicode
B) ASCII
C) UTF-8
D) EBCDIC

Correct Answer: B) ASCII

41. How are characters represented in C code?

A) Enclosed in double quotes
B) Enclosed in single quotes
C) Enclosed in parentheses
D) Enclosed in curly braces

Correct Answer: B) Enclosed in single quotes

42. What does the following C code represent?
char myChar = 'A';

A) A string literal
B) An integer value
C) A character literal
D) A floating-point literal

Correct Answer: C) A character literal

43. What is the role of lexical analysis in programming languages?

A) To execute the program
B) To break down source code into tokens
C) To compile the program
D) To optimize the code

Correct Answer: B) To break down source code into tokens

44. Which of the following is NOT a lexical unit (token) in C?

A) Keyword
B) Identifier
C) Memory address
D) Operator

Correct Answer: C) Memory address

45. In the C statement int sum = num1 + num2;, what is + considered as?

A) Keyword
B) Identifier
C) Operator
D) Literal

Correct Answer: C) Operator

46. Which of the following correctly identifies the statement terminator in C?

A) .
B) :
C) ;
D) !

Correct Answer: C) ;

47. In C programming, what does the term "token" refer to?

A) The largest building block of the code
B) The smallest meaningful unit in a program
C) A type of comment in the code
D) The execution step in the code

Correct Answer: B) The smallest meaningful unit in a program

48. In C, which of the following is an example of a keyword?

A) sum
B) int
C) num1
D) myChar

Correct Answer: B) int

49. In the following statement: int num1;, what is num1 classified as?

A) Keyword
B) Identifier
C) Operator
D) Literal

Correct Answer: B) Identifier

2.2.5 - Define and Include.

50. What is the purpose of the #define directive in C programs?

A) To include header files
B) To define macros
C) To declare variables
D) To execute loops

Correct Answer: B) To define macros

51. Where are preprocessor directives like #define and #include typically written in a C program?

A) Inside the main() function
B) At the end of the program
C) Outside the main() function, at the top
D) Inside user-defined functions

Correct Answer: C) Outside the main() function, at the top

52. What is another name for the #define directive?

A) Variable declaration directive
B) Macro directive
C) Function declaration directive
D) Looping directive

Correct Answer: B) Macro directive

53. How does the #define directive work in a C program?

A) It substitutes the macro name with a variable
B) It substitutes the macro name with a constant or expression
C) It substitutes variables with their values
D) It compiles the program

Correct Answer: B) It substitutes the macro name with a constant or expression

54. What is the purpose of the #include directive in C programs?

A) To define constants
B) To include files
C) To declare variables
D) To execute loops

Correct Answer: B) To include files

55. What is another name for the #include directive?

A) Looping directive
B) File inclusion directive
C) Variable declaration directive
D) Function definition directive

Correct Answer: B) File inclusion directive

56. What type of files does the #include directive insert into the C program?

A) Text files
B) Header files containing definitions for pre-defined functions
C) Data files
D) Configuration files

Correct Answer: B) Header files containing definitions for pre-defined functions

57. Which of the following is a pre-defined function found in header files included using the #include directive?

A) for()
B) printf()
C) int main()
D) while()

Correct Answer: B) printf()

58. What happens when the #include directive is used in a C program?

A) The header file is ignored
B) The content/code from the specified header file is inserted into the program before compiling
C) The main() function is executed
D) A new function is defined

Correct Answer: B) The content/code from the specified header file is inserted into the program before compiling

59. Which directive is used to declare constant values or named expressions in C programs?

A) #include
B) #define
C) #macro
D) #const

Correct Answer: B) #define

2.2.6 - Conditional Compilation.

60. Which directive is the reverse of #ifdef in conditional compilation?

A) #endif
B) #if
C) #ifndef
D) #elif

Correct Answer: C) #ifndef

61. What happens when the condition in a #if directive evaluates to a non-zero value?

A) The block following #endif is executed
B) The block following #if is executed
C) The program halts compilation
D) The condition is ignored

Correct Answer: B) The block following #if is executed

62. Which directive allows us to control the filename and line number reported in compilation errors?

A) #line
B) #elif
C) #ifdef
D) #error

Correct Answer: A) #line

63. What is the purpose of the #error directive?

A) To suppress all warnings during compilation
B) To define macros conditionally
C) To terminate the compilation process and display an optional error message
D) To specify an alternative file for error reporting

Correct Answer: C) To terminate the compilation process and display an optional error message

64. Which directive is used to specify an alternative block of statements if the condition in #if is false and another condition is also false?

A) #endif
B) #elif
C) #else
D) #ifdef

Correct Answer: B) #elif

65. In the directive #line 100 "myfile.c", what is the significance of 100?

A) It sets the error message to 100
B) It defines the starting line number for subsequent lines
C) It changes the file's name to "myfile.c"
D) It ends conditional compilation

Correct Answer: B) It defines the starting line number for subsequent lines

66. What happens if the condition in a #elif directive evaluates to zero?

A) The statements after #elif are executed
B) The statements in the next #else or #endif are executed
C) The entire program stops execution
D) The program ignores all further conditions

Correct Answer: B) The statements in the next #else or #endif are executed

67. Which directive allows the execution of a block of statements if the macro is not defined?

A) #if
B) #endif
C) #ifndef
D) #else

Correct Answer: C) #ifndef

68. What must follow every #ifdef or #ifndef directive?

A) #line
B) #else
C) #endif
D) #error

Correct Answer: C) #endif

69. What is required when using the #error directive?

A) A filename
B) An optional error message
C) A line number
D) A condition

Correct Answer: B) An optional error message